Shock-absorber.



W. B. ENAP?.

SHOCK ABSOBBER.

' APPLICATION FILED sBPT.19,190.

Patented Sept, 28, 1909.

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il@ 0M M n/ M WMM 3U ma nested with the body terial or i'iiiid.

`through it` one or more being inairnn orare@ liieliilliflhllll GREENWOD COMPANY, OE BOSTDN, MASSACHUSETTS,

A CORPORATKON OF MAINE.

SHO Gli-ABS DEBER.

To al! fw/ioiii 'it 'may concern.:

lle it known that l, lViLLiAn ini'ci; KNAW', of Stonchani. connty of lvlidtllesex, State ot lilaaeachnsclta. hare invented an Improvement in Shock-filisorbers. ot which ilic. following' is a `spii'itication.

ThisY invention relates to shock absorbers l'or automobiles and the like, and has for its` object lo improve thc construction ot' the saine. lo t-lie'cnd lli-at it will otl'er a slighti'esistancc to t'eeblc Shocks and a great resistance to violent shocks; that the resistance which it otiers to Violent shocks is Variable. bcing' slight. at the start and finish and `Lfreat therebetween; 'that it. is capable of adjust` ment in auch manner that the resistance it olt'cra to Violent shocks may be regulated: that it will yieldingly limit the movement ot' `thc. body in a direction away from the rinining lgear: that it capable of adjustment in siicli inanni as to ott'er approximately the sameslight resistance to feeble shocks re- `inirilleas ot' the ii'eigghty of the load.

.Finn 1 arci-tical section of a Shock absorber embodying this?P invention. Figi'. i). in a Vertical section ot' a modified forni ot shock absorber, and Fig. 3 is, a detail ot a modification to he referred to.

u reiiresents a hollow closed ends oi' heads a1, n. It may be con` latriictcd in any Suitable manne and of any suitable dimensions. it is adapted to be tillecl with glycerin or a compound contain ing glycerin. or any other Suitable liquid inao represents a piston which is contained in aaid cylinder and connected to a piston rod 7i.' which extends through a Stiitling-box ou, arranged in one end oi the cylinder. The piston has valve openings 7)" employed. and valves if are provided for Said openings which may be otl any suitable construction and adapted to operate aS check `alves. openiiig when .the piston is niovedin one 'direction and closing when the. piston is moved in the opposite direction. oylindi are respectively' adapted to be conand rnnningg'ear of a vehicle, and referring'to Fig. l, a hail (f is connected to the piston-rod which embraces thecylinder and iS loosely connected to the body at c andV the cylinder is Supported by a Specification of Letters Patent.

cylinder haring` three conininnicatfing the threecenniiiniicating The piston and bracket c", which looSely connected with the running; `rear at ci; in :i115Y anitablc man` ner.

lie-'terrine` Q, cylinder fcntl. and in yanch case ilic bail c is omitted, the piston-rod li licinn' loosely connected directly with the bod i', anil the bracket also omitted, the cylinder licnig looaely connected directly with thc i'nnning gear. llowercr. so fai' as niy invention concerned` a'ny suitable incanta may be eniployed for loosely connecting' aaid piston and cylinder in any suitable manner with llic body and running gear.

The, cylinder is termed or proigided with a main bypass if/.i which ci;tendhlongitiidi`- nally with 'respect thereto tor nearly the. entire length thereof` and is in open coiiniinnication with the interior thereof at ital oi)- posite onda, an at J, fil/l. is it made quite long` its points ot conn'iil "neation with the interior oit' the. cyiiiider are widely Separata l. lt is provided with a regulating rali'e d" for reducing its; area, :said i'alre beine` herein shown arrani d to close more or less the comiiiiinicatiin;1 passage al. The. cylinder is also proiidetl with a supplemental'lay-pasa c nir-ar itis opper end. which arranged opposite the upper end portion of the niaiii hypass. Said supplemental oy-pass is in open communication with the interior of the. cylinder at two or more closely disposed points, paesagjes beingn herein shown as c', c2, c. lt han` a regulating rali'e c* :tor reducing its; area which its herein are ranged opposite the. coniniiinicating passage ci audit also has a ahnt-ott' valve e herein arranged opposite the communicatiinc` paae.. Tl'lhen'eaid :shut-oil' valve ci ia; open passages arci in open communicationI with the interior of the cylinder, and when closed only two ot said the position of thc eonnniinicating pasnages are in' open coniln lien ot' a simpleininiication therewith. mental oy-pass elt this construction,the pleinental oy-pass shown in Fig. may be empliiiyed, which. as will lie-Seen, is nia/le an agrooi'e in the Wall of the'cylincler. lhc

.lm-'tonton nient, 728, i909. Application filed September 191993. Seri-a1 No. 453,75

forni shown in l? E is preferred on iiceonnt.

ot' its a `laptability for adjiistln'ient).

Normally the piston occupies av position near the. upper end of the Cylinder? as shown lpiston movesn downward in the drawings, said parts being supported such tl at no resistance whatsoever is offered during such timey but during the return or upward movement of the piston the valves bL1 close, and the areas of the main and supplenientalbyasses are such that a feeble resistance is o' ered tothe movement of the piston during such time. As the feeble shockseet to move downward thel piston but a short distance, the supplemiitafl by-pass will be made quite short., The resistance offered to Athe movement oi the spistonmay be varied by regulating the valves e* and F.

Upon the occurrence of a violent slidck the a long distance, passing beyond the lower end or" the supplemental by pass, and upon its downward movement the valves b* the first part of its downward movement no resistance whatsoever is offered, but after it has passed beyond movement of the piston is the lower end of the supplen'ient-al by-pass, a slight resistance is of# fered notwithstanding the valves b4 are open. During the upward movement of the piston the valves b* close and a great resistance is oifered to the piston until it arrives at the lower end of the supplemental by-pass, and then such great resistance is reduced and a slightresistance olered until the piston resumes its normal position. Vl'f'hether the shocks are feeble or violent the upward limited by a yielding cushion which is provided at the upper end of the cylinder, by the formation thereat of a chamberf'above the upper ends if both the main passes, both of said by-passes terminating a short distance below the upper-.end of the cylinder to enable said chamber to be formed. Therefore, it will be seen that upward movement of thepiston is slightly restrained upon the occurrence of feeble shocks, and is substantially restrained u on the occurrence of violent shocks, and is i ited by a yielding cushion at the upper end of its stroke.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. ln a shock absorber, the combination of a piston having a valve opening through it',L

a valve for said opening, a liquid-containing cylinder in which said piston works having a longitudinal iiiain bypass communicatingA with its interior at two vwidely separater points and having a longitudinal supplenienlal liy-pass communicating with its iii-- open so that duringl and supplei'nentalil byterior at two closely disposed points which are arranged opposite the upper end` portion of the niaiii by-pass, whereby niovenient ot' the piston iii one direction is slightly rostraii'iod during a short stroke and is sw verely restrained during a long stroke and nieans for conneeting said cylinder and piston, respectively; with the body and running gear of a vehiel'e'jnd for norn'ially holding said parts with the piston. opposite the supplemental by-pass,substantially as describial.

2. ln a shock absorber, the mn'ibination of a piston having a valve opening `through it,

, a valve for said opening, a liquid-containiiig cylinder in which said piston works having a longitudinal inain by-pass (-.on'iniiiiiicating with its interior at two widely separated points an'd'ha'ving a longitudinal supplemental bypass coniniunicating with its interior at -a plurality of closely disposed points, whereby movement of the piston iii one direction is. slightly restrained during a part of its stroke and is substantially rcstrained during another part of its stroke, a. valve in said supplemental bypass for shutting oil' a portion of it whereby its operative length may be varied, and meansl for connecting said cylinderand piston respectively with the body and running gear of a vehicle and for normally holding said parts with the piston opposite the supplementa by-pass, substantially as described. l

3. ln a shock absorber, the combination of a pistonhaving a valve opening through it, a valve for said opening, a liquid-containing cylinder in which said piston works having a longitudinal main by-pass communicating with its interior at two widely separated points and having a longitudinal supple-- mental bypass communicating with its interior at two closely disposed points which are arranged opposite the upper end portion ofthe main by-pass, whereby movement of the piston in one direction is slightly restrained during a part of'its stroke, and is substantially restrained during another part of its stroke, means for regulating said supplemental by-pass to vary the resistance and means forconnecting said cylinder and piston res iectively with the body and running gear o Ia vehicle and for normally holding said parts with the piston opposite the supplemental by-pass, substantially as described'.

Il. ln a shock absorber, the combination of a piston having a valve opening through it,- a valve for sai opening, a liquid-containing cylinder in which said piston wbrks having a long longitudinal main oy-pass and a short longitudinal supplemental by-pass, the latter being arranged opposite theiipper end portion of the former, whereby both bypasses operate to relieve movement of the piston only operates to relieve movement thcreof` during a part of its stroke and oney` during :mother `part of its stroke. andimeahs l name t0 this specicatiomin the p'resene 0i onnectmgsald cylinder and piston, respec-4 two subscmhmg wltnesses.

tively, wlth the bodyvand runnlng gear of u [vehicle and for nQrmally holding said parts A ILLLI' BRUCE KB APP' 5 with the piston opposite the .supplemental Witnesses: I hypass, substantially ab described. B. J. NAYER,

In testnixony whereof, I have signed -ly H. B. DAVIS. 

